Surrounding society and the main economic activity of the region of residence

The Oroch had diverse ties with the Ulchi, the Nanai, Negidals, Evenks, the Ainu, and the Nivkh. The Oroch used the ethnonym Gogdy to refer to the Nanai living along the Amur from the estuary of the Ussuri River to the Gorin River, and the ethnonym Solo Nani to refer to the Nanai living upriver of the Ussuri estuary. The Oroch had only culture-related contacts with reindeer herding Evenks living in the Tumnin’s area and, as well as the coast of the Tatar Strait. The mainland and island Ainu maintained regular contacts with the Oroch. Additionally, the Oroch had extensive contact with the Manchu and the Chinese.

The Khabarovsk Territory has a multi-sector economy based on well-developed and diverse industrial production and transportation services for line-haul trucks. The leading economic sectors are industry, transportation, communication, and trade. The mechanical engineering complex, the fuel and energy complex, ferrous ores mining, food manufacturing, and metallurgy are the region’s principal industries. The fuel and energy complex of the Khabarovsk Territory includes an oil processing industry of regional significance, coal mining, and electrical energy industry.

The Khabarovsk Territory is the central link in the unified transportation system of the Russian Far East. Common-use railways are 2.1 kilometers long and include sections of the Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur Mainlines that connect Europe and Central Russia with the Asia Pacific. Vanino-Kholmsk ferry connects the mainland rail network with Sakhalin Island. The Territory also has large seaports Vanino, Sovetskaya Gavan, and De-Kastri.

Natural resources of the area proved crucial for developing the regional economy. The region has vast deposits of coal and brown coal. The Khabarovsk Territory is one of the largest suppliers of tin ores as it has seven large areas with tin ore deposits that are mined and processed in the Komsomolsk ore zone. The deposits contain industrially valuable amounts of tin, copper, silver, wolfram, bismuth, and indium.

Machine engineering and metal processing constitute a sector with unique capabilities. Its plants manufacture a wide range of products from ships and planes to technological tools. The main shipbuilding facilities are located in Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Amur Shipyard) and in Khabarovsk (Khabarovsk Shipyard).