Most Nanai live in the Khabarovsk territory. The Khabarovsk territory is Russia’s large industrial region with well-developed engineering, oil refining, timber processing, the energy sector, mining, commercial fishing, and other sectors. One major advantage of the territory is its mineral resource potential. The Khabarovsk territory has major timber resources, 67 % of its area are covered with forests. The Khabarovsk territory’s water supply is one of the largest in Russia. Its main river, the Amur, is one of the world’s ten largest rivers and one of the largest in Russia, and has the fourth-largest water content after the Yenisei, the Lena, and the Ob; it is also Russia’s third-longest river. The Khabarovsk territory is rich in aquatic resources. Walleye pollock, herring, halibut, cod, squid, shrimp, and crab are the principal catch. Coastal fishing, including inland bodies of water, mostly yield Pacific salmon, Pacific (seed) herring, sole, capelin, crab, kelp, sea kale, smelt, and staple fish species.
The Khabarovsk territory is one of Russia’s most dynamically developing Far Eastern areas. Its multisector economy based on well-developed and diverse manufacturing as well as providing transportation services for mainline freight flows. Transportation, communications, and commerce are the leading economic sectors. The territory specializes in the fuel and energy complex, engineering, mineral resources extraction (aside from the fuel and energy resources), oil refining, food manufacturing, and metallurgy.
The Khabarovsk territory’s economy is a multi-sectoral industrial and services complex based on rich and diverse natural resources, the area’s advantageous economic and geographic location and its highly educated population. The Khabarovsk territory has well-developed coal mining and oil refining, and it is home to virtually all crude oil refining facilities. The Khabarovsk territory has one of Russia’s leading timber industries; it is the third-largest logger in Russia and the first-largest in the Far Eastern Federal Area.
The agricultural sector in the Khabarovsk territory supplies food to the territory’s residents. This sector has an important social function as it ensures the region’s food security. Agriculture in the Khabarovsk territory develops amid harsh natural and climatic conditions. The territory largely constitutes a risk farming area, which stands in the way of growing a diverse range of crops. Only the valleys of the Amur and the Ussuri in the south are good for agriculture.
The Khabarovsk territory is one of the key regions in the transportation system of the Far Eastern federal area. The territory is in the heart of the Far East, and its transit functions have regional, national, and international significance. Rail transportation is the backbone of the territory’s transportation system. Two crucial rail mainlines, the Trans-Siberian mainline and the Baikal-Amur mainline, run through the territory.
Due to its geography, history, and economy, the territory has significant tourism potential. The indigenous population of the Amur area (including the Nanai) helped develop ethnographic tourism. The Sikachi-Alyan petroglyphs, a Neolithic site on the shores of the Amur 75 km away from Khabarovsk, is a landmark of the Khabarovsk territory.
Communities of indigenous small-numbered peoples live in the Nanai district of the Khabarovsk territory; the district’s center is the village of Troitskoe in the central area of the Khabarovsk territory on the Middle Amur plain that is bordered by the Sikhote-Alin mountains and the mountain ranges of the Amur’s left shore. The district’s leading economic sectors are logging and timber processing. Currently, the district has over 40 registered ethnic communities; about 20 of them work in the timber and fishing industries and in procuring non-timber resources.